APOA4 and atherosclerosis: ApoA-IV is able to attenuate atherosclerosis probably through three different routes (Figure 1): (1) By affecting HDL-mediated reverse cholesterol transport; (2) by reducing LDL oxidation; (3) by suppressing inflammatory responses probably through P-selectin pathway and platelet aggregation via αIIbβ3 integrin-mediated signaling.