NFE2L2 and astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma): We previously found that CA induces nerve growth factor (NGF) in U373MG human astrocytoma cells, T98G human glioma cells, and normal human astrocytes in an Nrf2-dependent manner [6,7] and that CA induces neurite outgrowth of PC12h cells through an Nrf2- and p62-dependent pathway [8].