ATF4 activation by CA was also observed in other human cancer cell lines, such as HeLa, Caco-2, and HepG2 cells, suggesting that CA induction of ATF4 is not restricted to astrocytoma cells, although they exhibited varying CA dose-dependency (Supplementary Figure S1A–C). The gene discussed is ATF4; the disease is astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).