The most promising immunomodulator drug in CHF treatment is the pentoxifylline, which inhibits the production of tumor necrosis factor-α resulting in a reduction of its negative inotropic properties, and reduces the expression of Fas/APO-1—an apoptosis-signaling surface receptor known to trigger programmed cell death in a variety of cell types [119,120]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is congestive heart failure.