TG and autoimmune thyroid disease: GD, one of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), is characterized by autoantibodies targeted to thyroid tissues, including thyroglobulin antibodies (Tg-Ab), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab), and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies (TR-Ab), as well as by lymphocytic infiltration (T cells and B cells) in thyroid tissue [4, 5].