Since younger cervical cancer patients showed a significantly higher white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, and incidence of leukocytosis/neutrophilia than older patients (Figure 1C and Supplementary Figure 3), we hypothesized that the E2-mediated stimulation of granulopoiesis is involved in the progression of ERα-negative female cancers. Here, ESR1 is linked to cervical carcinoma.