AR and prostate cancer: In line with this, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the treatment of choice and has a high response rate in the early stages of the disease, while the options available for treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (with still activated but deviant androgen receptor (AR) signaling) may include AR-targeted therapy (abiraterone, enzalutamide), chemotherapy (docetaxel and cabazitaxel), immunotherapy (sipuleucel-T), bisphosphonates or radionuclides (radium-223) (Grossmann et al., 2001[46]; Nuhn et al., 2019[98]).