TNF and Parkinson disease: A small cross-sectional study performed between PD individuals and normal healthy controls, reported the association between TNFα and non-motor symptoms [27]; Menza et al [28] state that, TNFα is involved in the initiation of important non-motor symptoms in PD, and this was found in our study, denoted by the sudden rise in serum TNFα in early PD (less than 1 year PD) that subsequently ebbed down with duration of PD.