Both overexpression and activating mutations, including internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD), of this receptor have been identified in human leukaemic cell lines (Levis and Small, 2003) and are associated with a poor prognosis in AML (Moore et al., 2010), highlighting it as a potential pharmacological target. The gene discussed is FLT3; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.