In line with the finding that NFAT5 can attenuate Th1 responses, Alberdi et al. showed that mice lacking NFAT5 in T cells developed exacerbated colitis in response to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), associated with enhanced levels of IFNγ and IL-17A mRNA in colon lesions as well as increased IFNγ and IL-17A mRNA and pro-inflammatory macrophage markers in mesenteric lymph nodes (26). This evidence concerns the gene NFAT5 and colitis.