Those neutrophil functions include, but are not limited to, the following mechanisms: secretion of various cytokines and chemokines; formation of NETs that promote the production of antibodies to citrullinated protein antigens (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis or ds DNA in lupus; increased expression of inflammation-related membrane molecules; interactions between cells, including activation of natural killer cells; and release of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and proteases to regulate the release of cytokines [82]. This evidence concerns the gene PRTN3 and rheumatoid arthritis.