PLOD1 and Insulin resistance: For instant, a) hormonal imbalances such as hyperandrogenism increased LH/ follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio, increased estrogen levels, and decreased serum progesterone, b) reproductive disorders such as non-ovulation, and menstrual irregularities, c) metabolic abnormalities such as impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes, and d) changes in serum lipid parameters, are all components of this complex syndrome.