Moreover, consistent with previous reports that chromosomal 14q (the location of SAV1) loss was observed in high-grade ccRCC and neuroblastoma26,27, we detected a moderate inverse correlation between SAV1 expression and Akt-pT308 levels in a cohort of RCC patients with stage IV disease (Supplementary Fig. 2c), but not earlier stages (Supplementary Fig. 2d to 2f). Here, AKT1 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.