Nevertheless, eIF2 alpha phosphorylation has been shown to take place in response to Pseudomonas syringae infection and upon infection by Bemisia tabaci (Li et al., 2018a; Pajerowska‐Mukhtar et al., 2012) as well as in response to treatment with plant hormones involved in pathogen defence and the priming agent beta‐aminobutyric acid (Lageix et al., 2008, Li et al., 2018a, Liu et al., 2015, Luna et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2017). Here, EIF2S1 is linked to infection.