Furthermore, increased levels of IL28 are quite likely a specific effect of anti‐MMP9 therapy that might also be partaking in extending survival benefits of NPT‐based chemotherapy, because a previous study demonstrated an antitumour impact of IL28 against human lung cancer cells.36 Anti‐MMP9 antibody therapy survival benefits correlated well with the qualitative assessment of mice in terms of jaundice, ascites, pancreatic tumour mass and metastatic burden. Here, MMP9 is linked to pancreatic neoplasm.