CD3/CD28-mediated stimulation of IFN-γ-producing CD8+ T-cells, another effector subset involved in Crohn's disease pathogenesis (46), not only increases IFN-γ production by CD8 T-cells, but also induces reactive oxygen species and ENTPD1/CD39 expression (47). This evidence concerns the gene ENTPD1 and Crohn disease.