miR-1 is a regulator of BMP1 while miR-181c can regulate SOX9. In human cardiac tissue with VSD, elevated levels of GJA1 and SOX9 coincided with reduced expression of miR-1, and elevated miR-181c expression was associated with down regulation of BMPR2 [85]. The gene discussed is SOX9; the disease is ventricular septal defect.