IGF1 and fetal growth restriction: Fetal growth restriction was associated with the IGF system, with arterial hypertension, and with the risk of mortality in adulthood.4, 74 The alterations in the growth of the kidneys modify fetal programming, and may progress to cardiac dysfunctions.75 The association between IGF-1 and the severity score in cardiological clinical practice has been demonstrated.76 In childhood, biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases are associated with growth and with the accumulation of fat.