TPP1 and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome: Liu et al. discovered a new telomerase-binding protein ribosomal maturation factor (SBDS) that colocalizes with telomeres and binds to TPP1 as a stabilizer for TPP1-telomerase interaction during DNA replication so as to maintain telomere length, providing a plausible explanation of how SBDS mutations accelerate telomere-length shortening in over 90% of the Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome (SDS) patients (Liu et al., 2018a, b).