AKT1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the module 1 consisted of 12 nodes and 40 edges, which were mainly associated with ECM–receptor interaction, focal adhesion and PI3K–Akt signaling pathway, while the module 2 included 12 nodes and 31 edges, which were also enriched in focal adhesion and ECM–receptor interaction (Fig. 3), suggesting that ECM–receptor interaction and focal adhesion signaling pathways were essential in the carcinogenesis of HNSCC.