When mapping SNPs were limited to 20 kb regions flanking a gene, three pathways, type 2 diabetes mellitus, stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) signaling pathway, and Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK) cascade, were significantly enriched, with association signals and FDR < 0.05 (Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK9 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.