ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: It was not until the emergence of targeted therapy based on molecular typing that the survival period of patients with advanced NSCLC was improved to several years, such as the second generation ALK-TKI alectinib (Alecensa) achieved the PFS of first-line NSCLC patients with ALK fusion up to 34.8 months (Peters et al., 2017), and the adverse reactions were greatly reduced, such as the adverse events of grade 3 or higher was lower with the third generation EGFR-TKI osimertinib (Tagrisso, 23%) than with platinum-pemetrexed (47%) (Mok et al., 2017; Peters et al., 2017).