TNF and neoplasm: The formation of this “platelet cloak” provides many advantages to tumor cells, such as a shield which enables tumor cells to evade the immune systems, since platelets protect tumor cells from TNF-α [392] and NK-mediated cytotoxicity [393]; an increased extravasation of the tumor cells by the adhesion to the vascular endothelium [394]; a protection from high shear forces in the bloodstream; and a secretion of various growth factors for tumor cells to utilize [395].