We found that HSP90 and SGT1 were up-regulated and RAR1 was down-regulated in grapevine responding to L. theobromae. In addition, protein kinase PBS1, which activates R protein RPS5 via cleavage by an effector59, and EDS1, which is one of the essential components of basal resistance to pathogens, were both down-regulated in response to infection. The gene discussed is RPS5; the disease is infection.