IL-8 knockdown significantly increased the median survival of animals with orthotropic GBM regardless of chemotherapy exposure (Fig. 5f, first graph median survival sh-control 38 days vs. sh#1 IL-8 140 days; hazard ratio of survival = 4.737, 95% CI = 4.190 to 101.3, p = 0.0021). The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is glioblastoma.