CCL5 and neoplasm: VMR, CSML100, and CSML0 mouse adenocarcinoma cell lines originated from two independent spontaneous tumors in A/Sn mice, CCL5 stimulates the externalization of S100A4 via TMVs shedding from the plasma membrane of these tumor and stroma cells, which in its turn induces the upregulation of FN in fibroblasts and a number of cytokines in tumor cells including CCL5 [48].