In addition, programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1)‐positive responses in more than half of the cancer cells within tumors indicated good response to PD‐1 inhibitor therapy in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer.86 PD‐L1 overexpression in pancreatic cancer cells is thus possibly predictive of the response to anti‐PD‐1 therapy. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and pancreatic neoplasm.