As shown in Figures 3A–F, all pro- (Casp-8, FADD, BAX, and BAK) or anti-apoptotic (BCL-2 and XIAP) genes tested were down regulated at early time points post-SVA infection (2–4 h p.i.)(p < 0.05 when compared to mock-infected cells). Here, XIAP is linked to infection.