TCF4 and lung cancer: Thus, in lung cancer cells with low levels of FBXW2, non-phosphorylated β-catenin and phospho-β-cateninS552 would accumulate in response to the EGF/AKT1 signal, followed by nuclear translocation to drive the expression of genes controlling both proliferation (e.g. c-Myc and Cyclin D1) and metastasis (e.g. MMPs) through partnering with different TCF4 isoforms (Fig. 7e).