MMP9 and lung carcinoma: In agreement of these results, the expression of MMP2, MMP7, and MMP9 in lung cancer H1299 or H358 cells were either down- or up-regulated by FBXW2 overexpression or knockdown, respectively, which can be rescued by manipulation of β-catenin expression or using MMPs inhibitor GM6001, further supporting a causal role of MMPs (Fig. 6c and Supplementary Figure 7a).