The major findings in this study indicated that (1) decreased expression level of serum miR-23b was negatively correlated with CK levels, (2) decreased expression level of serum miR-150-5p was specifically correlated with anti-MDA5 and anti-NXP2 autoantibodies in DM patients, and (3) expression level of serum miR-146b-5p was significantly higher in DM patients with cancer than those without, while these four immune-related miRNAs were not significantly associated with ILD in DM patients. This evidence concerns the gene IFIH1 and dermatomyositis.