TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: One study reported that, among patients with RA, the multivariate adjusted ORs for DM were 0.62 (95% CI = 0.42-0.91) for anti-TNF-α therapy, 0.77 (95% CI = 0.53-1.13) for MTX, and 0.54 (95% CI = 0.36-0.80) for hydroxychloroquine compared with other nonbiological DMARDs [32].