We studied the insulin signaling pathway PI3K/Akt/mTOR, energy metabolism-related AMPK/Sirt1 signaling pathway, and inflammatory signaling pathway NFκB/NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3)/IL-1β in the hippocampus, aiming to reveal the effects of diabetes on the expression of synaptic plasticity-associated proteins and their possible mechanisms. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and diabetes mellitus.