As an example, paclitaxel–a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of breast carcinoma - activates FOXO3a by reducing the activity of its upstream kinase AKT [85], thereby impairing the interaction between FOXO3a and the 14-3-3 protein [102] and thus 14-3-3-mediated FOXO3a nuclear export. Here, FOXO3 is linked to breast carcinoma.