AKT1 and urinary bladder carcinoma: Yuge et al suggested nicotine could induce the growth and chemotherapy resistance of bladder cancer cells by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.85 Costa et al found that PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway related signaling molecules (pAkt, pmTOR, pS6) overexpression could obviously reduce the tumor‐specific survival rate of patients.