Diabetes is caused by a progressive loss of β‐cell insulin secretion frequently against a background of insulin resistance, or autoimmune β‐cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency.22, 23 Among the 50 SNPs included in this study, most loci exerted their primary effects on disease risk through deficient insulin secretion, some loci were related to insulin resistance or insulin sensibility, and some loci may be the adapter or receptor that can indirectly affect insulin sensitivity or increase diabetes susceptibility.8, 10, 28, 32, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.