For example, null associations are reported for APOE genotype and cross-sectional hippocampal volume (Ferencz et al. 2013; Jack et al. 1998; Killiany et al. 2002; Lyall et al. 2013; Manning et al. 2014; Schuff et al. 2009), brain atrophy (Cherbuin et al. 2008), GM volume (Cherbuin et al. 2008) and some WM measures (Lyall et al. 2014, 2015), though APOE e4 carriers exhibited greater WM hyperintensity growth over a 3-year period in older age when compared to non-e4 carriers (Cox et al. 2017). This evidence concerns the gene APOE and Brain atrophy.