In adults and children with DS, higher blood (plasma or serum) concentrations of IL10 [31, 42], IL6 [31, 43, 44], and TNFα [31, 43, 45] have been reported compared to age-matched controls, although lower concentrations of IL10 [45], IL6 [42], and TNFα [42] in DS have also been reported. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Dravet syndrome.