EGFR mutations target exons 18–21 of the gene, which encodes part of the tyrosine kinase domain of the receptor (encoded by exons 18–24), can be detected in about 15–20% of Caucasian patients with NSCLC, and identify a specific subgroup of patients with specific clinic-pathological features [1,2,3], including female sex, never-/light-smoking status, Asian ethnicity, and adenocarcinoma histology. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.