Although in several contexts ERK5 has been shown to play a critical role in promoting survival and escaping cell death, a report identified ERK5 and its direct target MEF2 as important mediators of neurotrophin-3-induced apoptosis in medulloblastoma cells [125], suggesting that the biological action of MEK5–ERK5 can be context dependent. The gene discussed is MAPK7; the disease is medulloblastoma.