In order to verify if the altered mTOR and FoxO1 pathways could contribute to skeletal muscle atrophy in DM and T2DM patients i.e. those patients who showed insulin resistance, we analysed the correlation of mTOR, FoxO1, MuRF1 and Atrogin-1/MAFbx expressions with atrophy factors. This evidence concerns the gene FOXO1 and diabetes mellitus.