LASV NP, GP and Z proteins have been shown to be immunogenic.124 125 IgM and antigen tests can be used to detect active infection, although not all patients have detectable IgM at the acute stage113 126 and both IgM and IgG antibodies can be immunosuppressed in severe cases.113 127 128 Particularly for endemic settings, IgG is generally used only for surveillance.11 129 130. This evidence concerns the gene CD40LG and infection.