SMAD3 and cancer: We observed that SMAD3 knockdown not only significantly reduced SBE4 luciferase activity and cell numbers in U251 MG (Figure 2B), three GIC lines (Figure 2C), and four other cancer lines (Figure 2D), but also completely or partially ablated the effects of simvastatin on SBE-4 luciferase activity and cell viability in these cells (Figure 2B-2D).