A statistically significant difference between individuals with recent and long-term HIV-1 infection was observed for median baseline CD4+ T-lymphocyte count (RHI: 564 vs LTHI: 396 cells/μl; p = 0.002), and proportion of patients with higher CD4+ T-lymphocyte count at diagnosis (>500 cells/μl – RHI: 26/43, 60.5% vs LTHI: 79/229, 34.5%; p = 0.002). Here, CD4 is linked to HIV-1 infection.