MTOR and mitochondrial disease: Nevertheless, we observed that rapamycin treatment altered some pathways related to mitochondrial biology, such as, mTOR signaling, sirtuin signaling pathway, AMPK signaling, NRF-2 mediated oxidative stress response, PPARα/RXRα signaling or mitochondrial dysfunction (Fig. 4b and c; Fig. S5), all of them potential therapeutic targets in mitochondrial diseases [[20], [21], [22], [23]].