VPS33A and tuberculosis: In this study, we found that the up-regulated miR-423-5p in TB patients can inhibit the formation of auto-lysosomes in the macrophages through inhibiting its target gene VPS33A. Zhang et al. and Romagnoli et al. have shown that Mtb could modulate protein expression, thereby blocking autophagic flux through inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion [30,31].