High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was expressed on HCC-derived exosomal membranes and bound with high affinity to Toll like receptor-2 (TLR-2), TLR-4, TLR-9 and advanced glycation end products (RAGE), which led to tumor cell survival, expansion and metastasis [10]. Here, HMGB1 is linked to neoplasm.