This indicated a role of BdPGRP-SA in response to Gram-positive bacterial infection by activating downstream AMPs expression, e.g., cecropin-2 and diptericin. Similarly, when PGRP-SA was suppressed in A. pernyi, the expression of cecropin-B was not induced, i.e., exactly one fifth, after challenge by E. coli [41]. This evidence concerns the gene ADSL and gram-positive bacterial infections.