In addition, given the well-established role of GM-CSF in recruiting monocytes to sites of infection and stimulating the growth and differentiation of myelomonocytic lineage cells (reviewed in references 104 and 105), it is possible that this recruitment may help to resolve the conjunctival inflammatory response to urogenital strains, but that macrophage recruitment and activation are less effective in responding to ocular strains. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is infection.