Additionally, a Western diet high in cholesterol and saturated fat (HCFD) in combination with the translation of HCV NS5A stimulates TLR4–Nanog homeobox (NANOG) and leptin receptor–phosphorylated STAT3 signaling, resulting in liver tumorigenesis through an exaggerated mesenchymal phenotype involving prominent Twist1-expressing tumor-initiating stem-like cells expressing NANOG [221]. The gene discussed is NANOG; the disease is neoplasm.