Research has demonstrated that overexpression of SIRT1 can alleviate diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and liver steatosis.14, 15 SIRT1 deacetylates various transcription factors and coactivators, including PGC‐1α, the tumor suppressor p53, and FOXO to enhance the transcription of genes regulated by these factors.16 In the energy‐deficient condition caused by disease or injury, SIRT1 activation has neuroprotective effects by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and triggering the turnover of damaged mitochondria.17 This evidence concerns the gene SIRT1 and diabetes mellitus.