Cancer immunotherapy was revitalized in recent years, and its clinical use is progressively increasing, especially after the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the monoclonal antibodies ipilimumab, in 2011, and nivolumab and pembrolizumab, in 2014, targeting the immune checkpoints cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4; CD152) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; CD279), respectively. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is cancer.